Connectors

Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage.

(1) The old sailor spoke (a) — strangely (b) — the guest stood still. The feast began (c) — the guest could hear the music and laughter. (d) — for some reasons, he could not move to join the others. The old man told him about his last journey on the sea. They had sailed away to the south (e) — they had arrived in the cold gray sea. There the sea was frozen. (f) — the ice was all around them. The big sails opened wide (g) — the strong wind blew them quickly through the icy waters. The weather was very cold. (h) —, there were no birds and animals in that snow-covered country. (i) — one day the sailor saw an albatross flying towards the ship. (j) — the men were pleased to see it. They gave it food (k) — water. It came to the ship every day (l) — they called it. (m) — one day the old sailor killed that bird. (n) — the wind had dropped.

Answer: a) so b) that c) and d) But e) until f) And g) as h) and i) But j) So k) and l) when m) But n) Then/As a result

(2) Students have certain duties towards the country. (a) —, they must contribute to the eradication of illiteracy. During the vacation they can go to villages and teach the illiterate people. (b) —, they can make a literate nation and ensure a considerable development. (c) —, the students have to create awareness among the common people about the basic rules of health and sanitation. (d) —, it will have an enormous effect on the overall development of the country, (e) —, the students should teach the illiterate farmers about the scientific methods of cultivation. (f) —, they should take part in voluntary service during the crisis periods of a country. (g) —, the students should prepare themselves as the future leaders of the country. They must be serious in this matter. (h) —, they will fail to prepare themselves. (i) —, the country will not see the light of development, (j) —, the students are the most vital element of a country (k) — their development means the development of the country. (l) —, parents, teachers and social leaders have the responsibility to guide them to the right path. (m) — they make some mistakes, they should not be brought to book, (n) — they should be led to the right path.

Answer: a) Therefore b) Additionally c) Furthermore d) Consequently/As a result e) Moreover f) Also g) In addition h) otherwise i) As a result/Consequently j) Hence k) as/because l) So/Therefore m) If n) rather/instead

(3) Health (a) — is the root of all happiness, can be enjoyed taking adequate care of body and mind. People (b) — are always under mental stress and suffer from anxieties cannot enjoy a good health, (c) — to enjoy good health, it is also necessary to keep our mind sound. They are doctors (d) — say that simple and carefree life is more conducive to health. Many people, (e) —, are not aware of health rules. They (f) — take physical exercise (g) — take proper food. (h) —, a huge number of people of our country live below poverty line. (i) — they cannot afford to eat good food. (j) — they cannot enjoy good health. (k) —, awareness about health rules (l) — following them are very important in maintaining good health. (m) — only healthy people can contribute to the national development. (n) — we must be careful of our health.

Answer: a) which b) who c) In order d) who e) however f) neither g) nor h) In fact/Moreover i) Therefore/Hence/So j) As a result/So k) Indeed/For this reason l) and m) Truly speaking n) So/Therefore/Hence

(4) Long ago. Aristotle expressed (a) — 'Man is essentially a social animal by nature'. He cannot live without society, (b) — he does so, his life becomes unbearable. That's why it is said that he (c) — lives without society is either a beast (d) — a god. Man lives in society (e) — man cannot live alone, (f) —, man has been living together from time immemorial. Living in society is not an easy task. We have to follow certain rules and regulations of the society, (g) — we should be cooperative, (h) —, we must help others when they are in need, (i) —, we have to be careful not to hurt others by our words or activities. (j) —, we must control our emotions and behave rationally with others, (k) —, we should not think and live only for us. (l) —, we should always think and work for the betterment of the society, (m) —, we should remain prepared to sacrifice our lives for the greater interest of the society, (n) —. sacrificing our lives for the society makes us immortal.

Answer: a) that b) If c) who d) or e) as f) Hence g) Besides h) Moreover i) However/Then/So j) For this reason/This is why k) Actually/In fact l) Rather/Instead m) Even/Therefore n) Actually

(5) Gender discrimination is the difference between male and female in respect of enjoying rights. It is a great social problem in Bangladesh. (a) — female children are the worst sufferers of this. (b) —, it is very much shocking (c) —it begins at birth. There are many causes behind it. (d) —social prejudices and customs tend our male dominated society to degrade women's position. (e) —, religious misinterpretation (f) — social strictures also contribute to it. (g) —, the parents think (h) — the male can contribute more to the family. (i) — from the very early stage, parents take more care in all respect for the male children. (j) —, the female develop a mental complexity of being inferior. (k) —, female education is greatly hampered (l) — the female population fall a serious victim to our evil dowry system. (m) —, this problem cannot be solved overnight. (n) — this our outlook towards the girls should be changed. Proper education should be ensured for both male and female child.

Answer: a) Actually b) Again c) that d) Firstly e) Secondly f) and g) Thirdly h) that i) Therefore j) Besides k) Consequently l) and m) However n) For

(6) Most of people on earth are unhappy with their present condition. (a) —, they want to improve their condition. Some of them try to do this in an honest way. (b) —, they work hard with sincerity and perseverance. (c) —, it is their relentless effort (d) — helps to lead them to prosperity. (e) —, his prosperity keeps him happy (f) — it reminds him his hard work. (g) —, some people want to improve their condition by hook or by crook. (h) —, they do not bother about the means they adopt. (i) —, they aim at the gain only. (j) —, they want to become rich within a short period of time. They may gain prosperity. (k) —, they can never be happy because their prosperity reminds them their dishonesty. (l) —, illegal gains always stand on the way of happiness. (m) — happiness is totally different thing. (n) — it depends on self-contentment.

Answer: a) So b) Accordingly c) However/In fact d) which e) Thus f) and g) On the other hand h) However i) Rather j) Basically k) But l) Because/Thus/To be honest m) Truly speaking n) In fact

(7) Many people think that money can do everything in life, (a) — it is a must for our life, it is not the thing that necessarily brings happiness. (b) — happiness is absolutely a psychological matter. The person who is contented with what he gets and (c) — he has, is really happy. Money can do something with happiness (d) — it cannot give us happiness, (e) — we can see that the richest men of our society are not the happiest men. (f) —, they lead a life burdened with cares and anxieties (g) — pass sleepless nights, (h) —, there are a large number of poor men (i) — are happy and enjoy a sound sleep, (j) — poor people have nothing to worry about, (k) — rich people cannot sleep. (1) — their wealth keeps them worried, they cannot sleep, (m) —, we should not hanker after money only. (n) —, money cannot ensure happiness.

Answer: a) Though b) However/In fact c) what d) but e) For example f) Instead g) and h) On the other hand i) who j) Actually k) Conversely l) As m) Therefore n) As a matter of fact

(8) Honesty is a noble virtue. The man (a) — possesses this invaluable quality is the happiest man on earth. (b) —, to be honest, a man should have trustworthiness (c) — nobody trusts a liar. A liar may prosper for the time being, (d) — he goes to the dogs. (e) — we should be honest. It is said. (f) — honesty is the best policy, (g) — dishonesty is the sign of downfall, God helps those (h) — are honest. (i) — dishonest people are cursed. Childhood is the best time (j) —, children should be taught honesty from childhood. It is widely observed that children follow their parents. (k) —, parents should be honest and upright in their business of life. (l) —, children should be allowed to mix with those friends (m) — are honest. (n) — they can build their characters.

Answer: a) who b) Truly speaking c) because d) but (e) So/That's why f) that g) whereas h) who i) On the other hand/On the contrary j) when k) for which/and so l) Again/Besides m) who n) Thus

(9) There is a wise saying, 'Early to bed and early to rise; makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.' (a) —, a person (b) — gets up early in the morning enjoys several benefits. (c) — he can walk in the morning. It is a simple exercise. (d) — it is very beneficial for (e) — our physical and mental health. (f) —, he can enjoy the fresh air of the morning. (g) —, morning walk is free from noise and pollution. (h) —, it also provides us with a unique opportunity to enjoy the beauty of nature in the cold and calm atmosphere. (i) —, an early riser can offer his prayer. (j) —, he can get extra time to work (k) — helps him earn more. (l) —, an early riser can also get enough time to study (m) — makes him wise. (n) —, we should develop this habit of getting up early in the morning.

Answer: a) In fact b) when c) Firstly d) But e) both f) Secondly g) Indeed h) Thirdly i) For example j) Moreover k) which l) thus m) which n) Therefore/So

(10) I went back to work, closing the door. (a) — the sound of the boy dragging brush annoyed me. (b) — he began to chop. The blows were rhythmic (c) — steady, (d) — shortly I had forgotten him. The sound no more of an interruption (e) — a consistent rain. I suppose an hour (f) — a half passed, for (g) — I stopped (h) — stretched, and heard the boy's steps on the cabin stoop, the sun was dropping behind the farthest mountain, (i) — the valleys were purple with something deeper (j) — the asters. The boy said, 'I have to go to supper (k) —. I can come (l) — tomorrow evening. I said, 'I'll pay you (m) — for (n) — you've done.'

Answer: a) But b) Then c) and d) and e) than f) and g) when h) and i) and j) than k) now l) back m) now n) what